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IP in Practice: Special IPv4 Addresses

We have already discussed three private ranges used in classful and classless subnetting. The list does not stop there. This post identifies six types of special IP addresses that you will encounter. By the end of this post, you should have a clearer understanding of how these addresses are used in troubleshooting, how they appear on certification exams, and how they shape the way traffic moves across the Internet. 1. Loopback Address (127.0.0.1) Every networked device has a loopback address. Most commonly, it is 127.0.0.1 . The loopback address is typically used to test internal connections. You may wonder, “Why do I need to know if my device can connect to itself? Shouldn’t it connect to other resources and the Internet?” Think about it this way. Before you walk out the door, you make sure you look presentable by taking a shower, brushing your teeth, ironing your clothes, and checking yourself in the mirror. Once everything looks good, you are ready to go. Similarly, your compute...
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IP in Practice: Public and Private IP Addresses

Do you speak another language? Personally, I love learning new languages, but one of the hardest parts is translation. When it comes to networking, it is something similar. Devices within our home and office networks do not directly go to the internet. There needs to be a "translator". What does this have to do with public and private IPv4 addresses? In this post, we will explore: IPv4 Addresses Private Ranges  The difference and teamwork between NAT and PAT Helpful troubleshooting commands such as ipconfig or ping A demo that puts it altogether.  (Link to topology here .) By the end of this post, you will see how public and private IP addresses work together in action.  IPv4 Address Private Ranges RFC1918 Private IP Address Ranges Class IANA Blocks Range Total Addresses A 10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255 16.7 million (16,777,216) ...
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How to Set Up a Cisco Router as a DHCP Server (Step-by-Step Guide)

Lab time! Want to build a DHCP server?  In this lab, I will show you how to build your own DHCP server on a router using Cisco Packet Tracer, as shown above. By the end of this post, you will be able to create your own DHCP server with a Cisco 2911 router, perhaps in a home lab setting, and prepare you to build your own on other hardware.  Why a Router?  A DHCP server is a centralized, automated service that assigns important network configuration details to devices on a network, such as IP addresses. Without it, we would have to create manual entries for our entire network, which can be time-consuming and lead to errors. Traditionally, there are dedicated servers to handle these functions. There are many ways to implement a DHCP server in your topology, including a dedicated physical server, a virtual machine, cloud-based gateways, and firewalls. However, there are specific benefits to using a router as your DHCP server: Reduced infrastructur...
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