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IP in Practice: Public and Private IP Addresses

Do you speak another language? Personally, I love learning new languages, but one of the hardest parts is translation. When it comes to networking, it is something similar. Devices within our home and office networks do not directly go to the internet. There needs to be a "translator". What does this have to do with public and private IPv4 addresses? In this post, we will explore: IPv4 Addresses Private Ranges  The difference and teamwork between NAT and PAT Helpful troubleshooting commands such as ipconfig or ping A demo that puts it altogether.  (Link to topology here .) By the end of this post, you will see how public and private IP addresses work together in action.  IPv4 Address Private Ranges RFC1918 Private IP Address Ranges Class IANA Blocks Range Total Addresses A 10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255 16.7 million (16,777,216) ...
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IP in Practice: Special IPv4 Addresses

We have already discussed three private ranges used in classful and classless subnetting. The list does not stop there. This post identifies five types of special IP addresses that you will encounter. By the end of this post, you should have a clearer understanding of how these addresses are used in troubleshooting, how they appear on certification exams, and how they shape the way traffic moves across the Internet. 1. Loopback Address (127.0.0.1) Every networked device has a loopback address. Most commonly, it is 127.0.0.1 . The loopback address is typically used to test internal connections. You may wonder, “Why do I need to know if my device can connect to itself? Shouldn’t it connect to other resources and the Internet?” Think about it this way. Before you walk out the door, you make sure you look presentable by taking a shower, brushing your teeth, ironing your clothes, and checking yourself in the mirror. Once everything looks good, you are ready to go. Similarly, your comput...
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Subnets: Key to Network Organization

Whether it is a to-do list or a big project, organization is key. We have busy lives. The task in itself can have several parts or may require some sort of collaboration with a partner or a team. A project may call to meet deadlines, which means keeping up with those crucial dates and having a system of order. Similarly, our networks are busy, transferring a great deal of data across links and nodes. The amount of traffic generated can lead to bottlenecks, packet loss, and delays. A network’s design can vary in complexity, depending on the environment or needs of a customer. Just as we find a manageable way to handle heavy workloads, our networks have a way of efficiently handling network traffic by creating "mini-networks" within our network. This process is called subnetting.   Why We Subnet To reduce congestion. Just as traffic in cities cause slowdowns and delays, too much traffic can lead to bottlenecks, packet loss, and delays. Subnetting breaks the netwo...
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